AI Visibility Index ·

    Marbella Real Estate AI Visibility Index, August 2026

    Which estate agencies ChatGPT, Google AI Mode, Gemini and Claude name when buyers ask who to use in Marbella: 3,892 answers to 20 buyer questions in eight languages, 62 agencies ranked by position-weighted share of voice, every published name verified by hand, with the full report and the data to download.

    By Mihnea Gamulescu · 45 min read

    Who AI recommends when buyers ask about Marbella

    Buyers ask ChatGPT which estate agent to use, they type their property searches into it, and they ask it how buying in Spain actually works. Over one week in August we put twenty such questions to four AI assistants about Marbella, in the eight languages its buyers speak, and recorded every agency the answers named. Eleven of the twenty are questions where naming an agency is the answer, from "which agency should I use" to "villas for sale in Marbella", and the ranking counts those eleven alone. Each name was checked against a real trading company.

    Fieldwork 25 to 31 August 2026 · 20 questions in 8 languages · published Monday 7 September 2026 · method and full question set below

    Chart

    Share of voice · position-weighted · recommendation answers

    1Panorama Properties13%609
    2Engel & Völkers10%515
    3Drumelia8%420
    4DM Properties6%318
    5Nordica Marbella4%221
    6Real Deal Estates3%127
    7Bromley Estates2%128
    8The Agency Marbella2%109
    9Homerun Brokers2%125
    10Marbella Hills Homes2%92

    voice · mentions, of 1,388 recommendation answers read

    3,892assistant answers recorded across the week, every question and every assistant
    20buyer questions in eight languages; eleven of them decide the ranking
    1,404answers to those eleven, 1,388 of them read name by name
    5,851agency names those answers gave, the denominator of every share here
    101verified firms, 62 ranked and 39 listed
    16%of the answers read name no agency at all

    Five findings

    What the assistants said

    1. 1
      Two Marbella independents lead seven of the eight languages. The global brand leads one, and it is Spanish.

      Panorama Properties holds first place in five languages and Drumelia in two more, Swedish and Norwegian. Engel & Völkers, named in 515 answers and second overall, is first in Spanish alone, and by three tenths of a point of share of voice: the narrowest first place in the study. Everywhere else the assistants name a local firm before the international brand.

    2. 2
      Most answers hand the buyer a list of four or five names.

      84% of the answers to the agency and search questions name at least one agency, and the answers that name anyone give 5.0 names on average. Fewer than 1 in 5 answers name nobody, and in Swedish it is about 1 in 9. For an agency, the question is whether it is on that list.

    3. 3
      Below the leaders, the list changes with the buyer's language, toward agencies that serve that nationality.

      Swedish answers put two Swedish chains, Fastighetsbyrån and Bjurfors, in the five, with Swedish-founded Nordica Marbella fifth. Dutch answers put Excellent Marbella fourth and Costas & Casas just outside the five, both built for Dutch-speaking buyers. French answers name L'immobilière de Marbella, German answers Leon Müller Marbella Estates, recorded almost only in German, and Danish answers Danish-owned Marbella & Co. The assistants match buyers with agencies from their own country.

    4. 4
      Two firms appear in every market's top five. The rest of each list is local.

      Panorama Properties and Drumelia hold a top-five place in all eight languages, and Engel & Völkers and DM Properties in seven each, both missing only Swedish. Below them the lists diverge: across all 28 language pairs the top-five overlap averages 3.7 of 5, four pairs share only two names, and Swedish shares no more than three with any other language. An English-only measurement would miss what Nordic, Dutch and French buyers are told.

    5. 5
      The assistants do their reading on idealista, on the agencies' own sites, and on government portals.

      idealista.com is the single most consulted source (612 citations). The Junta de Andalucía (407) is read more than every agency site but Panorama's, and the tax agency (125) more than most agencies' sites in this market, because buyers ask about process and cost, not just listings.

    The league table

    Ranked by share of voice

    Of the 1,404 answers to the eleven agency and property-search questions, 1,388 could be read name by name; 1,168 of those named at least one identifiable business, and between them they gave 5,851 agency names. That is why this report carries both a figure of 3,892 and a figure of 5,851: the first counts answers to every question, the second counts names inside the answers to eleven of them.

    Chart

    From 3,892 answers to one denominator

    3,892answers recordedevery question, every assistant, across the week
    2,437read the live webthe other 1,455 answered from the model's memory and appear in no table here
    1,404asked which agency, or searched for propertythe six agency questions and the five listing searches; the nine about process and cost are read separately and rank nobody
    1,388read name by namethe other 16 could not be read and sit outside every count
    1,168named at least one agency16% named nobody

    Those 1,168 answers gave 5,851 agency names between them, 5.0 in an average answer that named anyone. The total is larger than the number of answers because one answer usually names several agencies, and it is the denominator every share of voice in this report divides by.

    The table ranks by share of voice: this firm's slice of all those names, with a name near the top of an answer's list worth more than one near the bottom, weighted toward the assistants buyers actually use. It is the same chart a Propelos client audit prints, computed the same way, and the position curve and assistant weights are worked below. Mentions is the plain count of answers naming the firm, under any spelling the answer used. Every name was verified by hand against a real, trading agency before publication. A verified firm named in at least 20 of the read answers is ranked; a verified firm named less often is listed in the annex with its count, unranked, because a share of voice under one per cent does not separate firms.

    The top ten mixes an international brand, the established local leaders, a Swedish-founded agency trading since 1981, a small advisory, and two firms whose sites the assistants read often: Homerun Brokers, the seventh most-cited agency domain in the corpus, and The Agency Marbella. What a firm publishes predicts its place here better than its size does.

    Chart
    AgencyVoiceMentions
    1Panorama Properties13%609
    2Engel & Völkers Marbella10%515
    3Drumelia8%420
    4DM Properties (Diana Morales)6%318
    5Nordica Marbella4%221
    6Real Deal Estates (Realty Group SL) *3%127
    7Bromley Estates2%128
    8The Agency Marbella2%109
    9Homerun Brokers2%125
    10Marbella Hills Homes2%92
    11Lucas Fox2%115
    12Knight Frank2%100
    13Spain Realty Estate2%104
    14Solvilla1%103
    15Marbella Estates1%111
    16Space Real Estate1%73
    17Marbella Luxury Homes1%63
    18Nevado Realty1%81
    19Excellent Marbella<1%61
    20Rueda y Toro<1%38
    21Sotheby's International Realty<1%55
    22Marbella For Sale<1%51
    23MPDunne & Hamptons International<1%74
    24Nomad Realty<1%51
    25Pure Living Properties<1%55
    26Maisons de Rêve<1%40
    27Costas & Casas<1%64
    28La Sala Homes<1%45
    29L'immobilière de Marbella<1%39
    30Villa One<1%30
    31Fastighetsbyrån<1%38
    AgencyVoiceMentions
    32Costa del Sol Property<1%42
    33Bjurfors<1%41
    34Leon Müller Marbella Estates<1%45
    35Marbella Property Agency<1%32
    36Marbella & Co<1%42
    37Gilmar<1%58
    38Vamoz Marbella<1%45
    39HHomes Real Estate<1%41
    40Serneholt Estate<1%35
    41Cilo Marbella<1%32
    42Roccabox<1%32
    43Marbella For You<1%36
    44Svensk Fastighetsförmedling<1%28
    45Swish Marbella<1%20
    46Terra Realty<1%23
    47I Find Marbella<1%23
    48Top House Marbella<1%29
    49Keller Williams Marbella<1%46
    50Costa Sunsets<1%25
    51Luxury Listings Marbella<1%26
    52Puente Romano Real Estate<1%23
    53Homenetspain<1%32
    54Libehomes<1%21
    55Marbella Property Box<1%31
    56Marbella Dream Living<1%23
    57Embassy Costa del Sol<1%23
    58Luisa Martín Properties<1%24
    59Mäklarhuset<1%24
    60SkandiaMäklarna<1%26
    61Crystal Shore Properties<1%21
    62Andalucia Realty<1%29

    * Trades as Real Deal Estates and is registered as Realty Group SL; the answers use both, and both count for it. The 62 ranked firms hold about 88 of the 100 points of voice between them; the rest is spread across the firms below the line and names that could not be verified.

    Verified, named fewer than 20 times, listed unranked. Mónica Labord Properties (19), NHC Dallimore Marbella (19), HusmanHagberg (18), Stand Inmobiliario (18), Muse Marbella (17), Innovative Property (16), Real Marbella Estate (16), Berkshire Hathaway HomeServices Spain (15), Immomarbel (15), MarBanús Estates (15), MarbeMar Estate (15), Avida Estate (14), Immo Krämer (14), 3SA Estate (13), Banús Property Marbella (13), Fine & Country (13), Prime One Living (13), Savills (13), Sun Properties Marbella (13), Every Home Marbella (12), Kristina Szekely International Realty (12), Costa Specialist (11), Dream Property Marbella (11), Lula Homes (11), One Living Estate (11), Airus Homes (10), Best House Marbella (10), HOMEMADE Estate Marbella (10), Marbella Star Homes (10), Mihous (10), Tecnocasa (10), Mojo Estates (9), The Marbella Agency (9), Teo, el Alquimista inmobiliario (8), Inmolux Group (7), Webster & Co (7), Helios Homes (4), Nordica Estates (4), Marchi Realty (3).

    Who leads each language

    EnglishPanorama Properties15%
    SpanishEngel & Völkers11%
    GermanPanorama Properties17%
    FrenchPanorama Properties12%
    DutchPanorama Properties14%
    SwedishDrumelia10%
    DanishPanorama Properties10%
    NorwegianDrumelia17%

    The share of voice, worked

    How the share of voice is calculated

    Two things change what a mention is worth: where it sits in the answer's list, and which assistant gave it. Every name an answer gives earns a position credit, each assistant's credit is divided by all the credit that assistant handed out, and the four results combine by how much of the market each assistant carries.

    Chart

    The position curve

    The first name in an answer's list is worth 1.0, the second 0.87, the third 0.77, decaying to a floor of 0.25, because assistants front-load the recommendation they mean and buyers read from the top. Position curve sp-2026-08a, the one every Propelos client audit scores with.

    floor 0.25 1.000.870.77 123456789101112 position of the name in the answer's list
    Chart

    The assistant weights

    Weight set ws-2026-08a, derived half from assistant usage share and half from referral-click share. An assistant whose answers gave fewer than ten names in a language is left out of that language's composite rather than measured on a sliver, and the remaining weights renormalise.

    ChatGPT0.55
    Google AI Mode0.25
    Gemini0.15
    Claude0.05

    The denominator: 5,851 agency names, 5.0 in an average answer that named anyone, across the 1,388 answers read name by name. How the corpus narrows to that total is set out with the league table.

    Chart

    Share of each assistant's voice, top ten

    AgencyChatGPT · 0.55Google AI Mode · 0.25Gemini · 0.15Claude · 0.05VoiceMentions
    Panorama Properties10.4%18.6%12.6%9.2%13%609
    Engel & Völkers Marbella9.1%9.5%12.3%9.0%10%515
    Drumelia6.0%11.5%9.9%6.5%8%420
    DM Properties (Diana Morales)7.1%2.9%7.8%2.6%6%318
    Nordica Marbella4.5%4.1%3.0%2.0%4%221
    Real Deal Estates (Realty Group SL)4.0%1.5%0.1%0.0%3%127
    Bromley Estates1.9%2.8%0.8%3.7%2%128
    The Agency Marbella2.3%2.4%0.6%0.0%2%109
    Homerun Brokers2.0%1.1%2.4%3.0%2%125
    Marbella Hills Homes1.6%3.7%0.3%0.1%2%92

    The arithmetic, in full. Panorama Properties holds 10.4% of ChatGPT's position credit, 18.6% of Google AI Mode's, 12.6% of Gemini's and 9.2% of Claude's. Weighted:

    10.4 × 0.55 + 18.6 × 0.25 + 12.6 × 0.15 + 9.2 × 0.05 = 12.7, printed as 13%

    Solvilla is named in more answers than Marbella Hills Homes (103 to 92) and ranks below it, because its mentions sit lower in the lists. The raw count does not show that; the position credit does. The four shares combine unrounded and round once for display, so a printed 8% is always more voice than a printed 7%.

    Chart

    What position changes

    AgencyRank by mentionsRank by voiceMentionsVoice
    The Agency Marbella1181092%
    Marbella Hills Homes1510922%
    Lucas Fox9111152%
    Knight Frank14121002%
    Marbella Estates10151111%
    Space Real Estate1816731%
    Marbella Luxury Homes2017631%
    Nevado Realty1618811%
    Excellent Marbella211961<1%
    Rueda y Toro372038<1%

    Among the top twenty, every other firm holds its place to within one position. Where the two rankings part, the firm named earlier outranks the firm named more often, which is how a buyer reading an answer from the top takes it.

    Language by language

    Eight languages, eight shortlists

    The same 20 questions, asked in each language's own words. Each list is ordered by share of voice within that language's own answers, with the mention count beside it. The ring is the share of that language's recommendation answers that name at least one firm.

    Panorama Properties and Drumelia hold everywhere, Engel & Völkers everywhere but Swedish, DM Properties everywhere but Swedish and Dutch; the rest of each list is local. The overall rank pools all eight languages, so a firm placed sixth or seventh in most lists can outrank one that leads a small one: Nordica Marbella is 5th overall on a Spanish third, a Swedish and a Norwegian fifth, and a 5th to 10th place everywhere else. Danish and Norwegian carry the smallest samples, 60 and 58 recommendation answers, and show the direction of a small market rather than a settled order.

    Chart

    English

    83%

    265 recommendation answers · 83% name a firm

    1. 1Panorama Properties15%133
    2. 2Engel & Völkers10%111
    3. 3Drumelia10%101
    4. 4DM Properties7%75
    5. 5Nordica Marbella4%43

    The global brand and the local leaders share the list, with Swedish-founded Nordica Marbella fifth; Bromley Estates is 6th and Homerun Brokers, whose buyer guides the assistants cite, 7th.

    Spanish

    82%

    270 recommendation answers · 82% name a firm

    1. 1Engel & Völkers11%111
    2. 2Panorama Properties10%103
    3. 3Nordica Marbella6%67
    4. 4DM Properties6%67
    5. 5Drumelia5%63

    The closest race of the eight, and the one list the global brand leads: Engel & Völkers is three tenths of a point ahead of Panorama Properties. Swedish-founded Nordica Marbella records its largest count here, 67 of its 221 mentions.

    German

    88%

    169 recommendation answers · 88% name a firm

    1. 1Panorama Properties17%91
    2. 2Engel & Völkers16%102
    3. 3Drumelia9%52
    4. 4DM Properties6%39
    5. 5Leon Müller Marbella Estates5%39

    Leon Müller Marbella Estates, a German-speaking specialist, records 39 of its 45 mentions in German and makes the five here and nowhere else.

    French

    80%

    188 recommendation answers · 80% name a firm

    1. 1Panorama Properties12%82
    2. 2Engel & Völkers9%60
    3. 3DM Properties6%38
    4. 4Drumelia6%38
    5. 5L'immobilière de Marbella5%37

    L'immobilière de Marbella, a French-language specialist, records 37 of its 39 mentions in French. Nevado Realty's strongest market, 34 of its 81 mentions, sits 7th.

    Dutch

    87%

    260 recommendation answers · 87% name a firm

    1. 1Panorama Properties14%126
    2. 2Engel & Völkers8%78
    3. 3Drumelia7%74
    4. 4Excellent Marbella5%61
    5. 5DM Properties4%46

    Excellent Marbella, a Dutch-language specialist with all 61 of its mentions in Dutch, is fourth. Two more sit just outside: Costas & Casas, 54 of its 64 in Dutch, is 6th, and Vamoz Marbella, also Dutch-only, 7th.

    Swedish

    89%

    118 recommendation answers · 89% name a firm

    1. 1Drumelia10%42
    2. 2Panorama Properties8%29
    3. 3Fastighetsbyrån8%37
    4. 4Bjurfors7%40
    5. 5Nordica Marbella6%31

    Drumelia leads and the Swedish chains follow: Fastighetsbyrån and Bjurfors in the five, Svensk Fastighetsförmedling 6th, with Swedish-founded Nordica Marbella fifth. Swedish-founded Serneholt Estate is 8th. The global brand misses this list. Only about 1 in 9 answers name nobody.

    Danish

    78%

    60 recommendation answers · 78% name a firm

    1. 1Panorama Properties10%23
    2. 2Drumelia9%19
    3. 3Engel & Völkers8%17
    4. 4DM Properties7%15
    5. 5Marbella & Co5%12

    Danish-owned Marbella & Co in the five, with Danish-run Sun Properties 6th and Danish-run Mojo Estates 7th among the recommended names behind it.

    Norwegian

    86%

    58 recommendation answers · 86% name a firm

    1. 1Drumelia17%31
    2. 2Panorama Properties13%22
    3. 3Engel & Völkers10%19
    4. 4DM Properties9%17
    5. 5Nordica Marbella6%12

    Drumelia's strongest list. No Norwegian-specialist agency appears anywhere in the Norwegian data; the closest is Swedish-founded Nordica Marbella, fifth.

    Firms founded by, or built to serve, buyers of that language. They appear on that language's list and almost nowhere else.

    56% of Norwegians use generative AI, and Norwegian is about 0.3% of the web. The languages where AI use is highest are the languages where the assistants have the least to read, and the least reason to name you. The same holds for Dutch: 45% adoption against 2.2% of web content.

    Eurostat 2025 (generative AI use by country) · W3Techs 2025 (content languages)

    Mentions by language, every ranked firm

    Plain counts, shaded by the firm's share of that language's own recommendation answers, so the eye reads concentration rather than the size of the language's sample.

    AgencyENESDEFRNLSVDANOTotal
    Panorama Properties1331039182126292322609
    Engel & Völkers1111111026078171719515
    Drumelia10163523874421931420
    DM Properties7567393846211517318
    Nordica Marbella436716143031812221
    Real Deal Estates2433151131652127
    Bromley Estates531096291146128
    The Agency Marbella3318121320643109
    Homerun Brokers4791110201774125
    Marbella Hills Homes101912222052292
    Lucas Fox3421101619825115
    Knight Frank2218913151346100
    Spain Realty Estate2320121425244104
    Solvilla204341911231103
    Marbella Estates2518122881046111
    Space Real Estate16117122023273
    Marbella Luxury Homes1361641732263
    Nevado Realty17138345·3181
    Excellent Marbella····61···61
    Rueda y Toro32122621138
    Sotheby's International Realty72355922255
    Marbella For Sale474727·2·51
    MPDunne & Hamptons17918244·1174
    Nomad Realty51967832151
    Pure Living Properties11141121322·55
    Maisons de Rêve32422521140
    Costas & Casas··4654···64
    La Sala Homes136341242145
    L'immobilière de Marbella1··37·1··39
    Villa One726212·1·30
    Fastighetsbyrån·····371·38
    Costa del Sol Property1695632·142
    Bjurfors·1···40··41
    Leon Müller Marbella Estates··3923·1·45
    Marbella Property Agency9422751232
    Marbella & Co3·6412·12542
    Gilmar145·10·2··58
    Vamoz Marbella····45···45
    HHomes Real Estate894414·2·41
    Serneholt Estate5···3261·35
    Cilo Marbella18·1310···32
    Roccabox4835723·32
    Marbella For You74431512·36
    Svensk Fastighetsförmedling·····28··28
    Swish Marbella25481···20
    Terra Realty823·6·3123
    I Find Marbella8·52611·23
    Top House Marbella512·831··29
    Keller Williams Marbella132310····46
    Costa Sunsets5572411·25
    Luxury Listings Marbella6163613·26
    Puente Romano Real Estate83336···23
    Homenetspain142·2·13·132
    Libehomes22·133·1·21
    Marbella Property Box·29·2····31
    Marbella Dream Living111425···23
    Embassy Costa del Sol·81734··23
    Luisa Martín Properties·172212··24
    Mäklarhuset·····24··24
    SkandiaMäklarna·1···241·26
    Crystal Shore Properties112223··121
    Andalucia Realty·14·8··6129

    Verified, named fewer than 20 times

    AgencyENESDEFRNLSVDANOTotal
    Mónica Labord Properties112··5··119
    NHC Dallimore Marbella72334···19
    HusmanHagberg·····18··18
    Stand Inmobiliario·18······18
    Muse Marbella423·521·17
    Innovative Property6··2··4416
    Real Marbella Estate36··6··116
    Berkshire Hathaway HomeServices Spain195·····15
    Immomarbel··464··115
    MarBanús Estates62222·1·15
    MarbeMar Estate·5·252·115
    Avida Estate2·22212314
    Immo Krämer··14·····14
    3SA Estate8····41·13
    Banús Property Marbella1·22521·13
    Fine & Country5·214··113
    Prime One Living·1713·1·13
    Savills612··2·213
    Sun Properties Marbella·····211·13
    Every Home Marbella34·41···12
    Kristina Szekely International Realty110··1···12
    Costa Specialist····11···11
    Dream Property Marbella5·1·3·2·11
    Lula Homes5·222···11
    One Living Estate621·1·1·11
    Airus Homes·5·5····10
    Best House Marbella82······10
    HOMEMADE Estate Marbella··4·5··110
    Marbella Star Homes5·131···10
    Mihous····10···10
    Tecnocasa·9·1····10
    Mojo Estates····2·7·9
    The Marbella Agency··33···39
    Teo, el Alquimista inmobiliario·5··2·1·8
    Inmolux Group·4··2·1·7
    Webster & Co5·2·····7
    Helios Homes··22····4
    Nordica Estates2·2·····4
    Marchi Realty····3···3

    What the assistants read

    The sources behind the recommendations

    Every answer produced by live web reading cites its sources, and the two halves of the questionnaire send the assistants to different places. 2,437 of the 3,892 answers were grounded that way, and these are the domains each half consulted most: the eleven questions the league counts on the left, the nine it does not on the right.

    Chart

    The eleven agency questions

    1,404 answers read from the live web, 426 domains cited between them. These are the only questions the league table counts.

    idealista.com430
    panoramamarbella.com332
    drumelia.com242
    dmproperties.com236
    google.com204
    marbella-ev.com178
    engelvoelkers.com144
    juntadeandalucia.es143
    marbella-estates.com111
    marbellareport.com97
    Chart

    The nine process and cost questions

    1,033 answers read from the live web, 597 domains cited between them. No answer here earns a firm a single point in the league.

    juntadeandalucia.es264
    idealista.com182
    panoramamarbella.com112
    sede.agenciatributaria.gob.es111
    realista.com101
    drumelia.com71
    dmproperties.com67
    administracion.gob.es66
    clientebancario.bde.es65
    ayuntamiento.marbella.es60

    agency siteproperty portalgovernmentother

    The two top tens share five of their ten. idealista.com is read most when the question is which agency to use, juntadeandalucia.es when it is process and cost. The nine questions the league does not count are set out below.

    Chart

    Where the mentions happened

    ChatGPTapp and API2,449
    Google AI Mode922
    Geminiapp and API838
    ClaudeAPI824

    Recorded mentions of the 62 ranked firms. These are counts, not shares: ChatGPT answered more of the corpus than any other assistant, which is why the ranking weights each assistant against its own voice rather than pooling raw totals.

    Chart

    Recorded almost entirely on one assistant

    10 of the 62 ranked firms take nine in ten or more of their namings from ChatGPT: Space Real Estate (71 of 73), Marbella Luxury Homes (60 of 63), La Sala Homes (41 of 45), Costa del Sol Property (40 of 42), Marbella Property Agency (29 of 32), Marbella For You (36 of 36), Terra Realty (23 of 23), I Find Marbella (22 of 23), Luxury Listings Marbella (26 of 26), Embassy Costa del Sol (23 of 23). Weighting each assistant by its reach keeps a firm that is strong on one assistant from looking stronger than it is.

    Buyers ask assistants about purchase costs, taxes and process as well as about agencies, and the two halves send them to different sources. An agency whose site answers the process questions gives the assistant a reason to read it. A firm can also be read often without being recommended, so the report counts citations and recommendations separately, and neither is derived from the other.

    The global brand, read and named. Engel & Völkers' two domains were consulted 347 times between them, more than any agency site except the local leaders', and the firm is named in 515 of the 1,388 read answers, second only to Panorama Properties. It ranks second overall and first in one language, Spanish, by three tenths of a point, because the assistants tend to name the local independents before it. Being cited, being named and being named first are counted separately in this report.

    The reading is not always fresh. Space Real Estate is named in 73 answers and ranks 16th, 71 of those namings from ChatGPT alone, yet no site of its own appears among the 872 domains the assistants cited, in any language, and the domain the firm traded under now redirects to unrelated content. It is ranked because the index records what the assistants recommend, and they recommend it. What the index cannot show is a live business behind the name. Assistants read old lists as readily as live sites, and the lists other people publish feed the answers too: a directory of "the best agencies per city", mundoinmobiliarias.es, was cited 30 times.

    What they typed into a search engine

    The searches behind the answers

    Before an assistant names an agency it runs its own searches, and some of them will tell you what they were. Across 991 of the 2,437 answers read from the live web, we can see every search that produced them: 2,400 searches, 1,482 of them different. This is the part of the report an agency can act on the same afternoon.

    Chart

    Read this table before the rest of the section

    Only some assistants publish their searches. Two of the five configurations here show none at all, and ChatGPT's consumer app shows almost none, so everything below is what ChatGPT's API and Claude's API searched for. It is not a measurement of Google or Gemini, and an assistant that shows nothing has not told us it searched for nothing.

    ConfigurationAnswersSearches shownSearchesPer answer
    ChatGPT API5045041,9003.77 each
    Claude API4824824921.02 each
    ChatGPT consumer app489581.60 each
    Gemini consumer app472nonenonenot shown
    Google AI Mode490nonenonenot shown

    The two that do show them do not work alike. ChatGPT's API runs 3.8 searches for an average answer; Claude's runs 1.0. Both arrive at a shortlist; one reads a great deal more of the market to get there.

    Chart

    Asked which agency to use

    335 answers showed their searches, 486 did not; 801 searches, 2.4 for an average answer. Most-run first; the count is a floor.

    best rated real estate agents Marbella reviews6nl sv
    best estate agents buying apartment Marbella4en
    best estate agents Marbella 20264en
    beste makelaar woning verkopen Marbella4nl
    beste makelaars appartement kopen Marbella4nl
    makelaars Marbella meertalige medewerkers4nl
    Marbella estate agents multilingual staff4en
    mejores inmobiliarias Marbella 20264es
    mejores inmobiliarias vender vivienda Marbella 20264es
    site:juntadeandalucia.es Registro Agentes Inmobiliarios Especializados Sector Residencial Andalucía 2026 inscripción4en fr
    site:trustpilot.com/review Marbella Estates reviews Trustpilot4en nl
    top rated property agencies Marbella4en
    Chart

    Searching for property

    238 answers showed their searches, 345 did not; 334 searches, 1.4 for an average answer. A listing search needs fewer.

    obra nueva Marbella 20268en es
    villa's te koop Marbella5nl
    apartments for sale Marbella4en
    appartementen te koop Marbella4nl
    immobilier neuf Marbella 20264fr
    luxury villas for sale Marbella4en
    luxury villas Marbella 20264fr
    nieuwbouw te koop Marbella4nl
    vastgoed te koop Marbella4nl
    villas for sale Marbella4en
    apartamentos en venta Marbella Idealista3es
    apartamentos venta Marbella 20263es

    Every search is run in the language the buyer asked in, and the language codes beside each row are the languages that ran it.

    Chart

    The assistants check the firms they are about to name

    Of the 150 most-run searches behind the six agency questions, 23% ask for reviews or ratings and 13% ask for a firm's official page. 13% name a specific agency, and the ones they name are 11 firms in the table above: Drumelia (14), Panorama Properties (10), DM Properties (Diana Morales) (10), Engel & Völkers Marbella (9), Lucas Fox (6), Knight Frank (4). The pattern is shortlist, then verify.

    Engel Völkers Marbella official real estate agency apartments Golden Mile Nueva Andalucia

    best real estate agencies Marbella luxury property reviews Panorama Marbella Drumelia Engel Volkers Solvilla Lucas Fox

    "Marbella" "4.9" "154 reseñas" "Real Deal Estates"

    Bromley Estates Marbella google reviews rating 4.8 239

    Two search operators appear by name in this class: site:trustpilot.com/review and site:juntadeandalucia.es, the second being Andalusia's official register of estate agents. An assistant deciding whether to recommend you looks for your reviews and for your entry in the register, and if it cannot find either it has nothing to confirm you with.

    Chart

    The year is in the query

    56% of the most-run listing searches and 27% of the agency ones carry 2026 in the string. The assistants are asking the web for this year's answer, and a page that does not say which year it describes is answering a question nobody asked. 27% of the listing searches also ask for the official or current listings, which is a request for the agency's own site rather than a portal's copy of it.

    The other nine questions

    What happens when buyers ask how buying works

    Nine of the twenty questions are not about which agency to use. They ask what the purchase costs, how the process runs, what the taxes are, which area suits which buyer. No agency is ranked on them, and no answer to them earns a single point in the league table. They are worth reading anyway, because this is where an agency is read rather than recommended, and the reading is a good deal easier to earn.

    Chart

    The assistants leave the property web

    Where the citations go, across the forty most-cited domains of each class.

    Which agency to use
    How buying works

    agency siteproperty portalgovernmentother

    Asked which agency to use, 57% of the reading is agency sites and 6% is government. Asked how buying works, government is 32% and agency sites fall to 23%. The regional government of Andalusia is the single most-read source of the class, 264 citations, ahead of every property portal.

    Chart

    Read most on the process questions

    juntadeandalucia.es264
    idealista.com182
    panoramamarbella.com112
    sede.agenciatributaria.gob.es111
    realista.com101
    drumelia.com71
    dmproperties.com67
    administracion.gob.es66
    clientebancario.bde.es65
    ayuntamiento.marbella.es60

    1,033 answers, 597 domains cited between them.

    Chart

    Five agencies are read on questions that rank nobody

    Of the fifteen most-read sources on the process and cost questions, five are estate agency websites: panoramamarbella.com (112), drumelia.com (71), dmproperties.com (67), musemarbella.es (47), marbellaco.com (39). Not one of those citations earns a firm a place in the league table, because the question was never which agency to use.

    This is the clearest thing in the report for an agency to act on. panoramamarbella.com is read 112 times on questions about cost and process, which is what a site full of answers to those questions buys: the assistant reads you while explaining something else, and reads you again when somebody asks who to use.

    Being read is not being recommended. Muse Marbella (musemarbella.es, 47) is the fourth most-read agency site on these questions, ahead of every other firm's site here, and it appears in no table in this report: the answers about which agency to use did not name the firm often enough to reach the 20-mention floor. Its site carries a page of buyer questions on price, area, tax and residency, which is exactly the reading the assistants are doing here. The two counts are kept apart in this report for that reason, and neither is derived from the other.

    Chart

    And here they search for nobody at all

    418 of these answers showed their searches, 615 did not; 1,265 searches, 3.0 for an average answer, which is more than either half of the agency questions needs. Of the 223 most-run, not one names an estate agency, against 13% of the searches behind the agency questions. 28% ask for something official and 44% carry the year.

    Marbella property investment 20266da en no
    Andalucia property transfer tax ITP 7% official 20265fr nl
    advocaat nodig woning kopen Marbella Spanje4nl
    belastingen kosten kopen woning Marbella Spanje4nl
    best areas to live Marbella4en
    beste wijken wonen Marbella4nl
    hypotheek woning kopen Marbella Spanje4nl
    impuestos gastos comprar vivienda Marbella 20264es
    Marbella inversión inmobiliaria 20264es
    Marbella property market trends prices4fr sv

    And the assistants do arithmetic in the search box. The most-run strings of all in this class are not searches at all: calculator: 23.9*12/5950*100 and four more like it. That one works out a gross rental yield, 4.8%, from a monthly rent and a price per square metre; another of the five multiplies the same 5,950 by eighty, which prices an eighty-square-metre apartment. The assistants are calculating the figures a buyer asked for, in the search box, because nobody publishes them for Marbella in a form an assistant can read.

    Chart

    Each language is sent somewhere different

    LanguageAnswersRead mostThenThen
    English200juntadeandalucia.es 44idealista.com 28wise.com 25
    Spanish202juntadeandalucia.es 59idealista.com 36panoramamarbella.com 27
    German137juntadeandalucia.es 36idealista.com 24panoramamarbella.com 24
    French110juntadeandalucia.es 32idealista.com 28jacheteenespagne.com 26
    Dutch202juntadeandalucia.es 47idealista.com 33realista.com 32
    Swedish92juntadeandalucia.es 29realista.com 20idealista.com 16
    Danish45sunpropertiesmarbella.com 13juntadeandalucia.es 9idealista.com 8
    Norwegian45idealista.com 9eiendomispania.no 8juntadeandalucia.es 8

    agency siteproperty portalgovernmentother

    The regional government of Andalusia is the most-read source in six of the eight languages, and Spain's largest property portal is second in five. The two smallest languages are the exceptions, and they are the interesting ones: a Danish buyer asking how buying works is sent first to the site of a Danish-run agency in Marbella, and a Norwegian buyer, after the portal, to a Norwegian-language guide to buying in Spain. A French guide is third in French, and a money-transfer service third in English. Where a language is small enough, whoever writes the guide in it is the source.

    Method, in full

    How this was measured, and what it cannot say

    What was asked

    One questionnaire of 20 buyer questions, asked in each language in its own words rather than through live translation. Eleven decide the ranking: six ask which agency to use, and five are the listing searches a buyer types into an assistant. Nine do not: they ask how buying works, what it costs and where to buy, and they are read in their own section instead. The full set is printed below, language by language, exactly as asked.

    What answered

    Four assistants across six configurations: ChatGPT (consumer app and API), Google's Gemini (consumer app and API), Google AI Mode, and Anthropic's Claude (API). Fieldwork ran 25 to 31 August 2026; English, Spanish, French, Dutch and German between the 25th and the 31st, Swedish, Danish and Norwegian on the 31st. 3,892 answers were kept after removing 4,677 duplicate rows produced by repeated sampling.

    Which answers count

    Only answers the assistant produced by reading the live web. Of the 3,892 recorded, 2,437 were grounded that way: 1,404 answering one of the eleven agency questions and 1,033 answering one of the nine about process and cost. The remaining 1,455 were produced from the model's own memory with no live reading, and they appear in no table in this report.

    The league counts the 1,404, listing searches included, and within them the 1,388 that could be read name by name; the 16 that could not be read are outside every count rather than counted as naming nobody. The nine process and cost questions earn no firm a single point. A firm named while an assistant explains a tax is an aside, not a recommendation, and pooling the two would make every share a function of how many tax questions the run happened to ask. Those answers are read for their sources instead, in their own section. Propelos client audits weight the two classes 80/20 in their headline score; this index counts the eleven alone.

    How names were counted

    Every answer to the eleven was read in full by a language model (Claude Haiku 4.5, reading version mx-2026-09a), which listed each estate agency the answer named, as the answer wrote it, together with any link it gave for the firm. Each listed name was then tied to one row of a roster of verified firms, by its spelling, by the firm's own domain where the answer linked it, or by the distinctive words of its name, so that "Drumelia", "Drumelia Real Estate" and "Drumelia Real Estate Marbella" are one firm. A name the model read that matches no verified firm counts for nobody. The roster itself was built from the answers by an automatic detector, corrected by hand where it had fused two real firms or swept an ordinary phrase into a firm's row, and extended by hand with firms the detector could not find, each on the evidence of the answers' own links to the firm's site; every correction and addition is recorded. Citation counts come from URLs rather than prose and are counted directly.

    How the table ranks

    The ranking metric is a position-weighted share of voice, built in three steps. First, every agency name an answer gives earns a position credit: the first name in the answer's list is worth 1.0, the second 0.87, the third 0.77, decaying to a floor of 0.25 (position curve sp-2026-08a). Second, for each assistant, a firm's credit is divided by all the credit that assistant's answers handed out, pooling the assistant's surfaces; an assistant whose answers gave fewer than ten names in a language is left out of that language's composite rather than measured on a sliver, and the remaining weights renormalise. Third, the four assistant shares combine with fixed weights reflecting real-world reach: ChatGPT 0.55, Google AI Mode 0.25, Gemini 0.15, Claude 0.05 (weight set ws-2026-08a). They combine unrounded and round once for display. The shares are slices of one whole: summed across every name the answers gave they reach 100, and the 62 ranked firms hold about 88 points of it. Raw mention counts are printed beside every share, and neither is presented without the other. A Propelos client audit prints this same chart, computed the same way.

    Every published name was verified by hand

    Before publication, every name surfaced from the answers was checked against the record of a real trading business, using several sources together: the firm's own website, its profiles on the portals the assistants read (idealista above all), Google Business records, local search, and this study's own citation data, since a firm that is genuinely being discussed tends to have its domain among the cited sources. The standard is a positive identification: 101 firms passed it and appear in this report, listed A to Z in the annex with the evidence for each. Detected strings that turned out to be category phrases, directories, developments or an awards body were excluded. A verified firm is ranked when the read answers name it at least 20 times, and listed with its count, unranked, when they name it less often.

    What this report does not claim

    This measures visibility, not quality. Being named often is not evidence an agency is good, and absence is not a judgment on any firm's service. The report does not claim to know why any single answer named any firm; the patterns it describes are observed regularities, not mechanisms. No agency can buy a place in these tables: the counting rules were applied identically to every firm, every verification and attribution call is documented in the annex, and the method and question set are public precisely so it can be checked.

    Reproducing these figures

    Every number in this report can be checked from what is printed in it. The position curve, the per-assistant shares and the weights are worked above, and the composite is their weighted mean, so any row of the league can be recalculated by hand. The question set is below, the sources are above, and the evidence behind every published name is in the annex. The underlying dataset, including the per-language tables and the citation records, is available to journalists on request.

    The publisher, and relationships disclosed

    Propelos makes AI software for estate agencies, and sells three things. We design, build and run agency websites on our own proprietary AI-native CMS platform, where conversational search, a live map, mortgage figures and saved shortlists come as standard. We also offer the conversational AI search tool on its own as the AI Property Finder, which goes into a site an agency already has in one line of code and answers buyers in 95 languages from their live listings. And this month we launch the third, AI visibility (GEO): measuring whether the assistants name an agency, then doing the work that changes the answer. The method behind it is the method behind this index.

    We work with several agencies in this market. Some of them appear in the tables in this report and some do not. No commercial relationship played any part in detection, counting or ranking, and the counting rules and the verification standard above were applied to clients and non-clients identically.

    Right of reply

    The ten highest-ranked firms were notified before publication, with the method and their own figures. Corrections and queries: press@propelos.com. If we got something wrong, we will say so on this page.

    The question set

    Every question, as it was asked

    Twenty intents, asked in every language in its own words. The eleven WHO and SEARCH questions are the ones the league counts. The nine HOW questions feed the sources table and never the league. The key on the right is the intent, which is what makes a question in one language the same question in another.

    English20 questions · 20 answered

    WHOWhich agency to use

    1. Which estate agents are best for buying an apartment in Marbella?find_agent
    2. How do I find a trustworthy estate agent in Marbella as a first-time buyer?trust
    3. What are the top rated property agencies in Marbella for first-time buyers?top_rated
    4. Which estate agent should I use to sell property in Marbella?selling
    5. Are there estate agents in Marbella with multilingual staff?language_support
    6. Can you recommend a good estate agent in Marbella?recommend_agent

    SEARCHListing searches

    1. property for sale in Marbellasearch_property
    2. apartments for sale in Marbellasearch_apartments
    3. villas for sale in Marbellasearch_villas
    4. luxury villas for sale in Marbellasearch_luxury
    5. new developments in Marbellasearch_new_build

    HOWProcess, cost and area

    1. What is the process for buying an apartment in Marbella?buying_process
    2. What taxes and fees do I pay when buying an apartment in Marbella?costs
    3. Which areas of Marbella are best to live in?area_advice
    4. Is Marbella a good place to buy property as an investment?area_investment
    5. What should I know before moving to Marbella?relocation
    6. Do I need a lawyer to buy property in Marbella?legal
    7. Can I get a mortgage to buy property in Marbella?mortgage
    8. Is it better to buy new build or resale in Marbella?new_build
    9. What rental yields can I expect from property in Marbella?rental_yield
    Spanish20 questions · 20 answered

    WHOWhich agency to use

    1. ¿Cuáles son las mejores inmobiliarias para comprar un apartamento en Marbella?find_agent
    2. ¿Cómo encuentro una inmobiliaria de confianza en Marbella si compro mi primera vivienda?trust
    3. ¿Cuáles son las agencias inmobiliarias mejor valoradas de Marbella si compras tu primera vivienda?top_rated
    4. ¿Con qué inmobiliaria conviene vender una vivienda en Marbella?selling
    5. ¿Hay inmobiliarias en Marbella con personal que hable varios idiomas?language_support
    6. ¿Me puedes recomendar una buena inmobiliaria en Marbella?recommend_agent

    SEARCHListing searches

    1. propiedades en venta en Marbellasearch_property
    2. apartamentos en venta en Marbellasearch_apartments
    3. villas en venta en Marbellasearch_villas
    4. villas de lujo en Marbellasearch_luxury
    5. obra nueva en Marbellasearch_new_build

    HOWProcess, cost and area

    1. ¿Qué pasos hay que seguir para comprar un apartamento en Marbella?buying_process
    2. ¿Qué impuestos y gastos se pagan al comprar un apartamento en Marbella?costs
    3. ¿En qué zonas de Marbella conviene vivir?area_advice
    4. ¿Es Marbella un buen sitio para comprar una vivienda como inversión?area_investment
    5. ¿Qué debo saber antes de mudarme a Marbella?relocation
    6. ¿Necesito un abogado para comprar una vivienda en Marbella?legal
    7. ¿Puedo conseguir una hipoteca para comprar una vivienda en Marbella?mortgage
    8. ¿Es mejor comprar obra nueva o segunda mano en Marbella?new_build
    9. ¿Qué rentabilidad de alquiler se puede esperar de una vivienda en Marbella?rental_yield
    German20 questions · 20 answered

    WHOWhich agency to use

    1. Welche Immobilienmakler eignen sich am besten, um eine Wohnung in Marbella zu kaufen?find_agent
    2. Wie finde ich einen vertrauenswürdigen Immobilienmakler in Marbella, als Erstkäufer?trust
    3. Welche Maklerbüros in Marbella haben die besten Bewertungen, für Erstkäufer?top_rated
    4. Welchen Immobilienmakler sollte ich beauftragen, um eine Wohnung in Marbella zu verkaufen?selling
    5. Gibt es in Marbella Immobilienmakler mit mehrsprachigem Personal?language_support
    6. Kannst du mir einen guten Immobilienmakler in Marbella empfehlen für Erstkäufer?recommend_agent

    SEARCHListing searches

    1. Immobilien kaufen Marbellasearch_property
    2. Wohnung kaufen Marbellasearch_apartments
    3. Villen kaufen Marbellasearch_villas
    4. Luxusvillen kaufen Marbellasearch_luxury
    5. Neubauprojekte Marbellasearch_new_build

    HOWProcess, cost and area

    1. Wie läuft es ab, eine Wohnung in Marbella zu kaufen?buying_process
    2. Welche Steuern und Gebühren muss ich zahlen, wenn ich eine Wohnung in Marbella kaufe?costs
    3. Welche Gegenden in Marbella eignen sich am besten zum Wohnen, für Erstkäufer?area_advice
    4. Lohnt es sich, eine Wohnung in Marbella als Kapitalanlage zu kaufen?area_investment
    5. Was sollte ich wissen, bevor ich nach Marbella ziehe, als Erstkäufer?relocation
    6. Brauche ich einen Anwalt, um eine Immobilie in Marbella zu kaufen?legal
    7. Kann ich eine Baufinanzierung bekommen, um eine Immobilie in Marbella zu kaufen?mortgage
    8. Ist es besser, in Marbella eine Neubauimmobilie oder eine Bestandsimmobilie zu kaufen?new_build
    9. Welche Mietrendite kann ich erwarten, wenn ich eine Immobilie in Marbella vermiete?rental_yield
    French20 questions · 20 answered

    WHOWhich agency to use

    1. Quelles sont les meilleures agences immobilières pour acheter un appartement à Marbella ?find_agent
    2. Comment trouver une agence immobilière de confiance à Marbella, sachant que en tant que primo-accédant ?trust
    3. Quelles sont les agences immobilières les mieux notées à Marbella, sachant que pour les primo-accédants ?top_rated
    4. Quelle agence immobilière choisir pour vendre un bien immobilier à Marbella ?selling
    5. Y a-t-il des agences immobilières à Marbella dont l’équipe est multilingue ?language_support
    6. Pouvez-vous me recommander une bonne agence immobilière à Marbella ?recommend_agent

    SEARCHListing searches

    1. immobilier à vendre Marbellasearch_property
    2. appartements à vendre Marbellasearch_apartments
    3. villas à vendre Marbellasearch_villas
    4. villas de luxe Marbellasearch_luxury
    5. immobilier neuf Marbellasearch_new_build

    HOWProcess, cost and area

    1. Quelles sont les étapes pour acheter un appartement à Marbella ?buying_process
    2. Quels impôts et frais dois-je payer pour acheter un bien immobilier à Marbella ?costs
    3. Quels sont les meilleurs secteurs de Marbella où vivre ?area_advice
    4. Est-ce un bon investissement d’acheter un bien immobilier à Marbella ?area_investment
    5. Que faut-il savoir avant de s’installer à Marbella ?relocation
    6. Ai-je besoin d’un avocat pour acheter un bien immobilier à Marbella ?legal
    7. Puis-je obtenir un prêt immobilier pour acheter un bien immobilier à Marbella ?mortgage
    8. Vaut-il mieux acheter dans le neuf ou dans l’ancien à Marbella ?new_build
    9. Quel rendement locatif puis-je espérer avec un bien immobilier à Marbella ?rental_yield
    Dutch20 questions · 20 answered

    WHOWhich agency to use

    1. Welke makelaars zijn het beste voor het kopen van een appartement in Marbella?find_agent
    2. Hoe vind ik een betrouwbare makelaar in Marbella als starter?trust
    3. Wat zijn de best beoordeelde makelaars in Marbella voor starters?top_rated
    4. Welke makelaar kan ik het beste inschakelen om een woning in Marbella te verkopen?selling
    5. Zijn er makelaars in Marbella met meertalige medewerkers?language_support
    6. Kun je een goede makelaar in Marbella aanbevelen?recommend_agent

    SEARCHListing searches

    1. vastgoed te koop Marbellasearch_property
    2. appartementen te koop Marbellasearch_apartments
    3. villa's te koop Marbellasearch_villas
    4. luxe villa's te koop Marbellasearch_luxury
    5. nieuwbouw te koop Marbellasearch_new_build

    HOWProcess, cost and area

    1. Hoe koop ik een appartement in Marbella?buying_process
    2. Welke belastingen en kosten betaal je bij het kopen van een appartement in Marbella?costs
    3. In welke wijken van Marbella kun je het beste wonen?area_advice
    4. Is Marbella een goede plek om een woning als belegging te kopen?area_investment
    5. Wat moet ik weten voordat ik naar Marbella verhuis?relocation
    6. Heb ik een advocaat nodig om een woning in Marbella te kopen?legal
    7. Kan ik een hypotheek krijgen om een woning in Marbella te kopen?mortgage
    8. Kun je in Marbella beter nieuwbouw of bestaande bouw kopen?new_build
    9. Welk huurrendement kan ik verwachten van een woning in Marbella?rental_yield
    Swedish20 questions · 20 answered

    WHOWhich agency to use

    1. Vilka mäklare är bäst för att köpa en lägenhet i Marbella?find_agent
    2. Hur hittar jag en pålitlig mäklare i Marbella som förstagångsköpare?trust
    3. Vilka mäklarbyråer i Marbella har högst betyg?top_rated
    4. Vilken mäklare bör jag anlita för att sälja en bostad i Marbella?selling
    5. Finns det mäklare i Marbella med flerspråkig personal?language_support
    6. Kan du rekommendera en bra mäklare i Marbella?recommend_agent

    SEARCHListing searches

    1. bostäder till salu i Marbellasearch_property
    2. lägenheter till salu i Marbellasearch_apartments
    3. villor till salu i Marbellasearch_villas
    4. lyxvillor till salu i Marbellasearch_luxury
    5. nyproduktion till salu i Marbellasearch_new_build

    HOWProcess, cost and area

    1. Hur går det till att köpa en lägenhet i Marbella?buying_process
    2. Vilka skatter och avgifter betalar jag när jag köper en lägenhet i Marbella?costs
    3. Vilka områden i Marbella är bäst att bo i?area_advice
    4. Är det en bra investering att köpa en bostad i Marbella?area_investment
    5. Vad bör jag veta innan jag flyttar till Marbella?relocation
    6. Behöver jag en jurist för att köpa en bostad i Marbella?legal
    7. Kan jag få bolån för att köpa en bostad i Marbella?mortgage
    8. Är det bättre att köpa nyproduktion eller en befintlig bostad i Marbella?new_build
    9. Vilken hyresavkastning kan jag räkna med för en bostad i Marbella?rental_yield
    Danish20 questions · 20 answered

    WHOWhich agency to use

    1. Hvilke ejendomsmæglere er bedst til køb af en lejlighed i Marbella?find_agent
    2. Hvordan finder jeg en pålidelig ejendomsmægler i Marbella?trust
    3. Hvilke ejendomsmæglerfirmaer i Marbella har de bedste anmeldelser?top_rated
    4. Hvilken ejendomsmægler skal jeg vælge til at sælge en bolig i Marbella?selling
    5. Findes der ejendomsmæglere i Marbella med medarbejdere, der taler flere sprog?language_support
    6. Kan du anbefale en god ejendomsmægler i Marbella?recommend_agent

    SEARCHListing searches

    1. ejendomme til salg i Marbellasearch_property
    2. lejligheder til salg i Marbellasearch_apartments
    3. villaer til salg i Marbellasearch_villas
    4. luksusvillaer til salg i Marbellasearch_luxury
    5. nybyggeri i Marbellasearch_new_build

    HOWProcess, cost and area

    1. Hvordan foregår et køb af en bolig i Marbella?buying_process
    2. Hvilke skatter og gebyrer skal jeg betale, når jeg køber en bolig i Marbella?costs
    3. Hvilke områder i Marbella er bedst at bo i?area_advice
    4. Er Marbella et godt sted at købe en bolig som investering?area_investment
    5. Hvad bør jeg vide, før jeg flytter til Marbella?relocation
    6. Har jeg brug for en advokat for at købe en bolig i Marbella?legal
    7. Kan jeg få et boliglån til at købe en bolig i Marbella?mortgage
    8. Er det bedre at købe nybyggeri eller en brugt bolig i Marbella?new_build
    9. Hvilket lejeafkast kan jeg forvente af en bolig i Marbella?rental_yield
    Norwegian20 questions · 20 answered

    WHOWhich agency to use

    1. Hvilke eiendomsmeglere er best når jeg skal kjøpe en leilighet i Marbella?find_agent
    2. Hvordan finner jeg en pålitelig eiendomsmegler i Marbella?trust
    3. Hvilke eiendomsmeglerfirmaer i Marbella har best vurderinger?top_rated
    4. Hvilken eiendomsmegler bør jeg bruke for å selge en bolig i Marbella?selling
    5. Finnes det eiendomsmeglere i Marbella med flerspråklige ansatte?language_support
    6. Kan du anbefale en god eiendomsmegler i Marbella?recommend_agent

    SEARCHListing searches

    1. bolig til salgs i Marbellasearch_property
    2. leiligheter til salgs i Marbellasearch_apartments
    3. villaer til salgs i Marbellasearch_villas
    4. luksusvillaer til salgs i Marbellasearch_luxury
    5. nybygg til salgs i Marbellasearch_new_build

    HOWProcess, cost and area

    1. Hvordan går jeg frem for å kjøpe en bolig i Marbella?buying_process
    2. Hvilke skatter og avgifter må jeg betale når jeg kjøper en bolig i Marbella?costs
    3. Hvilke områder i Marbella er best å bo i?area_advice
    4. Er Marbella et bra sted å kjøpe en bolig som investering?area_investment
    5. Hva bør jeg vite før jeg flytter til Marbella?relocation
    6. Trenger jeg advokat for å kjøpe en bolig i Marbella?legal
    7. Kan jeg få boliglån for å kjøpe en bolig i Marbella?mortgage
    8. Er det bedre å kjøpe nybygg eller bruktbolig i Marbella?new_build
    9. Hvilken utleieavkastning kan jeg forvente fra en bolig i Marbella?rental_yield

    A question is an intent, not a form of words. The questionnaire is fixed as 20 intents, written natively in each language, so that a difference between two languages' tables is a difference in what the assistants say and never a difference in what we asked them. All eight languages answered all 20 intents inside the fieldwork window. No figure here is an average across languages: each table counts only its own language's answers.

    Annex

    The 101 verified firms, A to Z

    Every firm counted in this report's tables, with the evidence it was verified against between 31 August and 3 September 2026. Ranked firms carry their mention count and their place in the league table above. Listed means verified as real and named in fewer than 20 of the read answers; the count is printed and the firm is not ranked on it.

    FirmMentionsStandingVerified against
    3SA Estate13Listed3saestate.com, Marbella and Dubai
    Airus Homes10Listedairushomes.com; idealista professional profile, 274 listings
    Andalucia Realty29Ranked 62ndandaluciarealty.com, trading since 1996
    Avida Estate14Listedavidaestate.com; domain among the cited sources
    Banús Property Marbella13ListedGoogle Business, 5.0 over 23 reviews, Av. Playas del Duque, Nueva Andalucía; own website
    Berkshire Hathaway HomeServices Spain15Listedbhhsspain.com; the Spanish franchise lists Marbella among its offices
    Best House Marbella10Listedbesthousemarbella.com, Terrazas de Banús, Nueva Andalucía
    Bjurfors41Ranked 33rdbjurfors.se, Swedish chain with a Marbella office; linked in 22 of the answers naming the firm
    Bromley Estates128Ranked 7thbromleyestatesmarbella.com
    Cilo Marbella32Ranked 41stcilomarbella.com; linked in 22 of the answers naming the firm
    Costa del Sol Property42Ranked 32ndcdsproperty.es; linked in 26 of the answers naming the firm
    Costa Specialist11Listedcostaspecialist.nl; a Dutch-language buying agent based in Benalmádena; every answer naming it was Dutch
    Costa Sunsets25Ranked 50thcostasunsets.com, Marbella and Estepona, twenty years on the coast
    Costas & Casas64Ranked 27thcostas-casas.nl, Flemish and Dutch specialist, Marbella office, 25 years; domains cited 88 times
    Crystal Shore Properties21Ranked 61stcrystalshore-properties.com; domain among the cited sources
    DM Properties (Diana Morales)318Ranked 4thdmproperties.com; domain cited 303 times in this corpus
    Dream Property Marbella11Listeddreamproperty.pl, Polish agency in Marbella
    Drumelia420Ranked 3rddrumelia.com; domain cited 313 times
    Embassy Costa del Sol23Ranked 57thembassycostadelsol.com; invisible until PR #262 corrected the row its answers had been tying to; 9 answers link the domain
    Engel & Völkers Marbella515Ranked 2ndmarbella-ev.com and engelvoelkers.com, cited 347 times between them, the most-read agency domains after the leaders'
    Every Home Marbella12Listedeveryhomemarbella.com; Every Home Marbella SL
    Excellent Marbella61Ranked 19thexcellentmarbella.nl; linked in 43 of the answers naming the firm, all of them Dutch
    Fastighetsbyrån38Ranked 31stfastighetsbyran.com, Swedish chain with a Marbella office
    Fine & Country13Listedfineandcountry.es, Marbella office on the Costa del Sol; domain among the cited sources
    Gilmar58Ranked 37thgilmar.es; national chain with Marbella and Puerto Banús offices
    Helios Homes4Listedhelios-homes.com; domain among the cited sources
    HHomes Real Estate41Ranked 39thhhomes.es
    HOMEMADE Estate Marbella10Listedhomemadeestatemarbella.com; idealista professional profile
    Homenetspain32Ranked 53rdhomenetspain.com, Costa del Sol agency listing across Marbella, Fuengirola and Estepona
    Homerun Brokers125Ranked 9thhomerunmarbella.com, Bulevar Príncipe Alfonso de Hohenlohe; domain cited 101 times
    HusmanHagberg18Listedspanien.husmanhagberg.se, Swedish chain
    I Find Marbella23Ranked 47thifindmarbella.com
    Immo Krämer14Listedimmo-kraemer.de; a Mannheim agency with a Marbella arm, recommended in German answers only
    Immomarbel15Listedimmomarbel.com; Immomarbel Real Estate SL, Marbella and Almuñécar
    Inmolux Group7Listedinmoluxgroup.com, 15+ years; domain among the cited sources
    Innovative Property16Listedfor-sale-marbella.com, linked in the answers naming the firm; Cabopino and La Mairena offices
    Keller Williams Marbella46Ranked 49thkwmarbella.kw.com, franchise office; named mostly in Spanish
    Knight Frank100Ranked 12thknightfrank.com; global brand whose Marbella affiliate is DM Properties, and often named beside it
    Kristina Szekely International Realty12Listedksmarbella.com, Marbella and the Costa del Sol
    L'immobilière de Marbella39Ranked 29thimmodemarbella.com; linked in 26 of the answers naming the firm, nearly all French
    La Sala Homes45Ranked 28thlasalahomes.com, Puerto Banús, Sala Group; domain cited 34 times
    Leon Müller Marbella Estates45Ranked 34thleonmueller-estates.com; domain cited 37 times
    Libehomes21Ranked 54thlibehomes.com; domain cited 30 times
    Lucas Fox115Ranked 11thlucasfox.com, Marbella office; linked in 71 of the answers naming the firm
    Luisa Martín Properties24Ranked 58thluisamartinproperties.com, Golden Mile
    Lula Homes11Listedlulahomes.es; domain among the cited sources
    Luxury Listings Marbella26Ranked 51stluxurylistingsmarbella.com
    Maisons de Rêve40Ranked 26thmaisonsdereve.es; linked in 11 of the answers naming the firm
    Mäklarhuset24Ranked 59thmaklarhuset.se, Swedish chain
    MarBanús Estates15ListedGoogle Business, 5.0 over 55 reviews, Pl. de Antonio Banderas; own website
    Marbella & Co42Ranked 36thmarbellaco.com, Danish-owned since 1997, Santa Clara Golf; domain cited 84 times
    Marbella Dream Living23Ranked 56thmarbelladreamliving.com; the MDL Collection across Marbella and the coast
    Marbella Estates111Ranked 15thmarbella-estates.com; domain cited 132 times, linked in 88 of the answers naming the firm
    Marbella For Sale51Ranked 22ndmarbellaforsale.com; Marbella For Sale S.L., Edificio Marina Banús, Puerto Banús; domain linked 22 times
    Marbella For You36Ranked 43rdmarbellaforyou.es
    Marbella Hills Homes92Ranked 10thmarbella-hills-homes.com, Nueva Andalucía, since 2009
    Marbella Luxury Homes63Ranked 17thmarbellaluxuryhomes.es; domain cited 15 times
    Marbella Property Agency32Ranked 35thmarbellapropertyagency.com, sister company of CDS Property Spain
    Marbella Property Box31Ranked 55thmarbellapropertybox.com, Casco Antiguo, about 25 years
    Marbella Star Homes10Listedmarbellastarhomes.com, Calle Jesús Puente, Marbella
    MarbeMar Estate15Listedmarbemar.com, Marbella Centro and Casco Antiguo, 20+ years
    Marchi Realty3Listedmarchirealty.com
    Mihous10Listedmihous.com; a Dutch-language buying agent rather than a listing agency
    Mojo Estates9Listedmojoestates.com, Danish founders; idealista professional profile
    Mónica Labord Properties19Listedpisos.com professional profile, 72 listings, Av. Conde Rudi
    MPDunne & Hamptons International74Ranked 23rdmpdunne.com, Marbella Club, Golden Mile, in association with Hamptons International; domain cited 64 times
    Muse Marbella17Listedmusemarbella.es, Marbella, San Pedro and Estepona; also the fourth most-read agency site on the process questions
    Nevado Realty81Ranked 18thnevadomarbella.com; domain cited 60 times
    NHC Dallimore Marbella19Listeddallimoremarbella.com; the answers spell it NCH, the firm spells it NHC; domain linked 18 times
    Nomad Realty51Ranked 24thnomadrealty.es, Elviría; idealista professional profile
    Nordica Estates4Listednordicaestates.com; domain among the cited sources
    Nordica Marbella221Ranked 5thnordicamarbella.com, Swedish-founded, trading since 1981; domain cited 38 times
    One Living Estate11Listedonelivingestate.com, 10+ years
    Panorama Properties609Ranked 1stpanoramamarbella.com, since 1970, RICS regulated; domain cited 444 times
    Prime One Living13Listedprimeonemarbella.com; a Marbella East agency with German-Swiss roots, and nothing to do with One Living Estate, which had been counted these answers while "living" was still a two-row word
    Puente Romano Real Estate23Ranked 52ndpuenteromanorealestate.com; linked in 13 of the answers naming the firm
    Pure Living Properties55Ranked 25thpurelivingproperties.com; domain cited 22 times
    Real Deal Estates (Realty Group SL)127Ranked 6threaldealestates.com; idealista professional profile; 4.9 over 153 Google reviews, Nueva Andalucía
    Real Marbella Estate16Listedrealmarbellaestate.com; domain among the cited sources
    Roccabox32Ranked 42ndroccabox.com; linked in 23 of the answers naming the firm
    Rueda y Toro38Ranked 20thno site of its own; Google Business profile linking its idealista professional page, verified by hand
    Savills13Listedsearch.savills.com lists property for sale in Marbella; counted as its own name, as Knight Frank and Sotheby's are
    Serneholt Estate35Ranked 40thserneholtestate.com, est. 2016, Nueva Andalucía; domain cited 18 times
    SkandiaMäklarna26Ranked 60thskandiamaklarna.com, Swedish chain with a Marbella office
    Solvilla103Ranked 14thsolvilla.es, since 2013; domain cited 54 times
    Sotheby's International Realty55Ranked 21stglobal brand with Marbella coverage
    Space Real Estate73Ranked 16thportal profiles record offices in Marbella and Fuengirola since 1988; its own domain no longer resolves to the firm and no site of its own is cited in this corpus
    Spain Realty Estate104Ranked 13thspainrealty.es, Costa del Sol agency; the row was excluded as a merge bin until 4 Sep and the firm went with it; domain linked 42 times
    Stand Inmobiliario18Listedstandmarbella.com, Marbella Centro and the Golden Mile, trading since 1979
    Sun Properties Marbella13Listedsunpropertiesmarbella.com, Danish-specialised since 2002; domain cited 37 times
    Svensk Fastighetsförmedling28Ranked 44thsvenskfast.se, Swedish chain; linked in 14 of the answers naming the firm
    Swish Marbella20Ranked 45thswishmarbella.com
    Tecnocasa10Listedthe Marbella franchise office trades as Estudio Ciudad de Marbella 2025 SLU at marbella1.tecnocasa.es
    Teo, el Alquimista inmobiliario8Listedelalquimistainmobiliario.com; Teo Ortega, Realtor, Marbella; its own row because the link rung had been crediting its domain to Stand Inmobiliario
    Terra Realty23Ranked 46thterramarbella.com
    The Agency Marbella109Ranked 8ththeagency-marbella.com; linked in 57 of the answers naming the firm
    The Marbella Agency9Listedthemarbellaagency.com, 30+ years
    Top House Marbella29Ranked 48thtophousemarbella.com
    Vamoz Marbella45Ranked 38thvamozmarbella.com; linked in 29 of the answers naming the firm, all of them Dutch
    Villa One30Ranked 30thvillaone.es; linked in 21 of the answers naming the firm
    Webster & Co7Listedwebsterandco.com, Centro Plaza, Nueva Andalucía, team of 17; domain among the cited sources

    If you run an agency

    What this means for an agency

    ChatGPT is approaching a billion weekly users, and Criteo's client data has LLM referral traffic converting at roughly 1.5 times the rate of other referral sources. Buyers asking these questions are close to a decision, and 84% of the recommendation answers in this index handed them at least one agency's name.

    The firms that appear share three things the assistants can read: a site that answers process and cost questions in the buyer's language, citations in the sources the assistants consult, and a name that can be tied to one business. Propelos measures the same things for individual agencies, in every language their buyers speak, with the method used for this index.

    Measure your agency

    Propelos AI Visibility Index · Marbella · August 2026 · fieldwork 25 to 31 August 2026 · published 7 September 2026 · Tables and figures may be reproduced with attribution to the Propelos AI Visibility Index and a link to this page · press@propelos.com

    Questions about the index

    Which estate agency do AI assistants recommend most in Marbella?
    Panorama Properties leads the August 2026 index with a 13% position-weighted share of voice across the recommendation answers, ahead of Engel & Völkers at 10% and Drumelia at 8%. Panorama Properties or Drumelia is first in seven of the eight languages; Engel & Völkers leads in Spanish alone.
    How was the Marbella AI Visibility Index measured?
    Between 25 and 31 August 2026 we put 20 buyer questions about Marbella to ChatGPT, Google AI Mode, Gemini and Claude in eight languages and recorded 3,892 answers. Eleven of the questions are ones where naming an agency is the answer, and the ranking counts those alone: 1,404 answers, 1,388 of them read name by name. Every published name was checked against a real trading company.
    What is position-weighted share of voice?
    Each name an answer gives earns a credit by its position: 1.0 for the first, 0.87 for the second, 0.77 for the third, falling to a floor of 0.25. For each assistant a firm's credit is divided by all the credit that assistant's answers handed out, and the four assistant shares are combined with fixed weights reflecting real-world reach: ChatGPT 0.55, Google AI Mode 0.25, Gemini 0.15, Claude 0.05.
    Does the index rank the quality of estate agents in Marbella?
    No. It measures visibility: how often, and how prominently, each agency is named when AI assistants answer buyers' questions. Being named is not a judgement of service, and an agency absent from the answers may be excellent. The index records what the assistants say, not what the agencies are.
    Can I reuse the tables and charts?
    Yes. Tables and figures may be reproduced with attribution to the Propelos AI Visibility Index and a link to this page. Every chart on the page has a PNG download, the league table and the per-language tables are available as CSV, and the full report is a PDF.
    • Marbella
    • AI Visibility Index
    • estate agents Marbella
    • ChatGPT
    • Google AI Mode
    • Gemini
    • Claude
    • GEO
    • share of voice
    • real estate marketing

    ← All Insights